In order to do editing the editor must choose which shots can be used in the film, by placing each film shot on a wall the editor use’s the shot on the computer then puts it all together.
Working as a electrician before starting in the film laboratory’s of Thomas Alva Edison in the late 1890’s, Edwin S. Porter was thought to be the American film maker who first put film editing to use. With its early film techniques by Thomas Edison in which short films showed a basic format that only had to please the audience by showing moving motions in the city street with activity from traffic and people, Edison wanted to increase the length of the short film, this is how Edison came to Porter.
Life of an American fireman in 1903 was Porter’s breakthrough bringing forth the first film that had a plot, action and a close up of a hand pulling a fire alarm. With the fireman thinking of his wife with a blended scene in which you see his wife at home until the man is distracted.
In 1918 a Russian director Lev Kuleshov experimented with editing in which he took four pieces from different film clips, one was of a Russian actor’s head, that he cut the shot with one of a bowl of soup and a child playing with a teddy bear, then finally an elderly woman in a casket. Only single meaningless shots on their own, Kuleshov placed them together in film editing techniques that gave the audience the feeling that the film had some sort of impact in the story of images.
Ukrainian film director Edward Dmytryk-seven rules to cutting film that a good editor should follow.
- Rule 1: Never make a cut without a positive reason.
- Rule 2: When undecided about the exact frame to cut on, cut long rather than short.
- Rule 3: Whenever possible cut in movement.
- Rule 4: The fresh is preferable to the stale.
- Rule 5: All scenes should begin and end with continuing action.
- Rule 6: Cut for proper values rather than proper matches.
- Rule 7: Substance first-then form.
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